THE DECIMAL NUMBER SYSTEM AND AL-KHWARIZMI’S CONTRIBUTION TO MATHEMATICS
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Keywords: decimal number system, base ten, positional notation, zero, Al-Khwarizmi, algebra, algorithm, arithmetic, history of mathematics.Annotatsiya
Abstract. The decimal number system is one of the most important foundations of modern mathematics. Its positional structure, use of ten digits, and incorporation of zero make numerical representation and arithmetic efficient and systematic. This article examines the principles and historical development of the base-ten positional system and discusses the major mathematical contributions of Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi. Particular attention is given to his role in transmitting and explaining Hindu arithmetic, his systematic treatment of algebra in al-Kitab al-Mukhtasar fi Hisab al-Jabr wal-Muqabala, and the historical development of the terms algebra and algorithm. The article also considers the long-term influence of Al-Khwarizmi’s works on mathematics, education, astronomy, computation, and modern computer science.
